Lighting is a pivotal aspect of interior design, as it has the power to transform spaces, enrich ambiance, and accentuate architectural features. However, selecting the right lighting fixtures (or creating your own design) can be a daunting task for interior designers. To simplify the process and help you navigate this crucial FF&E category, we have outlined a step-by-step guide on how to specify lighting fixtures effectively. Let’s review.
Step 1: Understand the Space Dynamics:
Before delving into lighting fixture specifications, it is essential to understand the purpose and function of the space you’re designing. Consider factors such as the room dimensions, natural light availability, and its intended use. Are you designing a vibrant restaurant, a hotel lobby, a cozy living room, or a functional office? Is there a key focal point where a dramatic pendant light may become the hero of the space? Each space will require different lighting solutions.
Step 2: Define Lighting Objectives:
Identify the lighting goals for the space. Are you aiming for general lighting to illuminate the entire room evenly? Or is this a lighting design opportunity that can really change the mood of the environment? Do you want to create a specific ambiance using accent lighting? Understanding the desired lighting effects will help you choose the appropriate fixtures.
Step 3: Consider Layered Lighting Opportunities:
To create a well-balanced composition of lighting, it’s essential to use a combination of ambient, task, and accent lighting. Ambient lighting provides overall illumination, while task lighting caters to specific activities such as reading or cooking. Accent lighting adds drama and highlights architectural details or artwork. Balance these layers based on the space’s requirements. The image below for example, features several sophisticated and beautifully balanced lighting pieces by NY based lighting designers and manufactures Allied Maker. This NYC restaurant Tsukimi, designed by the talented team at Post Company has layers of lighting, mirrors, and natural light to accentuate the warm hues of the space.
Step 4: Consider Lighting Types:
There are two lighting categories that help to understand for planning purposes; architectural lighting and decorative. There are also numerous types of lighting fixtures at your disposal, each serving a distinct purpose. It will help to familiarize yourself with the following options:
- Architectural Lighting:
- Recessed Lighting: Offers a clean and minimalist look, suitable for general or task lighting in kitchens, bathrooms, and hallways.
- Track Lighting: Provides flexibility by allowing adjustable fixtures along a track, making it suitable for accent lighting or highlighting artwork.
- Decorative Lighting:
- Chandeliers and Pendant Lights: Ideal for adding drama and visual interest to large spaces, such as entryways or dining rooms.
- Ceiling and Wall-Mounted Fixtures: Provide general ambient lighting and can be flush-mounted or semi-flush for low ceilings.
- Wall Sconces: Adds a decorative touch and provides localized lighting for hallways, bedrooms, or living rooms.
- Table and Floor Lamps: Offer versatility and mobility for task lighting or to fill in gaps in ambient lighting.
Step 5: Gauge Light Intensity and Color Temperature:
Consider the light output (measured in lumens) and color temperature (measured in Kelvin) of the fixtures. The required light output will depend on the space’s size and function, while the color temperature will influence the mood. Warmer temperatures (around 2700-3000K) evoke a cozy aura in more amber tones, whereas cooler tones (around 4000-5000K) look more white/blue and provide a more energetic and focused feel.
Step 6: Prioritize Energy Efficiency:
Given the shift in cultural perspective regarding eco-conscious options, energy efficiency is a significant consideration. Look for fixtures with LED or CFL bulbs, as they consume less energy and have a longer lifespan compared to traditional incandescent bulbs. Energy-efficient fixtures not only reduce electricity costs but also have a positive impact on the environment.
Step 7: Harmonize with Aesthetics and Design Narrative:
Choose lighting fixtures that align with the overall narrative of the space. Consider factors such as materials, finish, shape, and size. Ensure the fixtures complement the existing decor and add to the overall visual appeal.
Step 8: Source Your Lighting
In order to source the best lighting options for your project, it’s always good to start within your saved Specs Library in DesignSpec included with our PRO Tier. Building your library of specs will save you hours of time and keep your projects moving. Certainly Pinterest can offer some great inspiration for lighting but it can also be helpful in some instances to partner with a lighting designer that specializes in this area. Soon DesignSpec users will be able to search a library of vendors within our platform including unique pieces from small-batch lighting designers and manufacturers! Coming soon in 2024.
Given interior lighting design is a key component of the overall design you are creating, it’s important to understand how each contributing fixture affects the space. By considering space dynamics, coupled with adept communication and a discerning eye for detail, designers can lay the foundation for exceptional design outcomes.
